Arteial Blood Gas (ABG)

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CORRECT ANSWERS
1. The nurse plans care for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) knowing that the client is most likely to experience what type of acid-base imbalance?

a. Repiratory acidosis *
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis

2. The nurse reviews the blood gas results of a client with Guillain-Barre syndrome. The nurse analyzes the results and determines that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which of the following validates the nurse's findings?

a. pH 7.50, PCO2 52mm Hg
b. pH 7.35, PCO2 40 mm Hg
c. pH 7.25, PCO2 50 mm Hg *
d. pH 7.50, PCO2 30 mm Hg

3. The nurse is caring for a client who is on a mechanical ventilator. Blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.50 and a PCO2 of 30mm Hg. The nurse has determined that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Which laboratory value would most likely be noted in this condition?

a. Sodium level of 145 mEq/L
b. Potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L *
c. Magnesium level of 2.0 mg/dL
d. Phosphorous level of 4.0 mg/dL


4. The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following: pH of 7.45, PCO2 of 30 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 22 mEQ/L. The nurse analyzes these results as indicating?

a. Metabolic acidosis, compensated
b. Metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated
c. Respiratory alkalosis, compensated *
d. Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated

5. The client is scheduled for blood to be drawn from the radial artery for an arterial blood gas (ABG) determination. Before the blood is drawn, an Allen test is performed to determine the adequacy of the:

a. Popliteal circulation
b. Ulnar circulation *
c. Femoral circulation
d. Carotid circulation

6. The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that the client is at risk for which acid-base disorder?

a. Respiratory acidosis
b.Respiratory alkalosis
c.Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis *

7. the nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and documents that the client is experiencing Kussmaul's respirations. Based on this documentation, which of the following did the nurse observe?

a. Respirations that are abnormally deep, regular and increased in rate *
b. Respirations that are regular but abnormally slow
c. Respirations that are labored and increased in depth and rate
d. Respirations that cease for several seconds

8. A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas values of a client and notes that the pH is 7.31, pCO2 is 50 mm Hg and the bicarbonate level (HCO3) is 27 mEq/L. The nurse concludes that which acid base disturbance is present in this client?

a. Respiratory acidosis *
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Metabolic acidosis
d. Metabolic alkalosis

9. The nurse is caring for a client with renal failure. Blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.30, a PCO2 of 32 mm Hg, and an HCO3 of 20 mEQ/L. The nurse has determined that the client is experiencing metabolic acidosis. Which of the following laboratory values would the nurse expect to note?

a. Sodium level of 145 mEq/L
b. Magnesium level of 2.0 mg/dL
c. Potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L *
d. Phosphorous level of 4.0 mg/dL